Something To Know
A. Fill in the blanks.
1. Animals are heterotrophs as they cannot synthesise their own food.
2. The roots, of a plant, absorb water and minerals from the soil.
3. During photosynthesis plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen.
4. Stomata are the tiny pores through which leaves exchange gases.
5. Insect eating plants are called insectivorous plants.
6. An essential raw material needed for the process of photosynthesis, and
(a) available in the soil is water & minerals.
(b) available in the air is carbon dioxide.
B. Match the followings
1. Chlorophyll -----} (d) Leaf
2. Lichens -----------} (c) Symbiotic relationship
3. Fungi ------------- } (b) Saprotrophs
4. Amarbel --------} (e) Parasite
5. Plants -------------} (a) Autotrophs
C. Tick (✓) the correct option.
1. Green plants, that can synthesise their own food, are known as -----
( ) heterotrophs ( ) parasites
(✓) autotrophs ( ) saprotrophs
2. The food factory, of the plant, is its ----
( ) root ( ) flower
( ) stem (✓) leaf
3. Which of the following is an insectivorous plant?
(✓) pitcher plant ( )leguminous plant
( ) green plant ( ) amarbel
4. Mushroom is an example of a/an ----
(✓) saprotroph ( ) parasite
( ) autotroph ( ) insectivorous
5.) An organism, that fixes nitrogen in the soil, is ---
( ) mushroom ( ) mucor
(✓) rhizobium ( ) cuscuta
D. Answer the following questions in brief.
1. Why is nutrition important for a living organism?
Answer- The process of obtaining, and utilising food by an organism, is known as Nutrition. Nutrition is important for a living organism because -
a.) It enables living organisms to build their bodies.
b.) It helps to grow.
c.) It helps to repair damaged parts of the body.
d.) It provides the energy to carry out life processes.
2.) How do green plants synthesis their food?
Answer - Green plants synthesis their food by the process of photosynthesis ( photo = light, synthesis = to combine ) The plants use simple chemical substances like carbon dioxide, water and minerals for synthesising their food in the presence of sunlight which is captured by leaves with the help of chlorophyll present in them.
3.) State the role of 'vessels' present in a plant.
Answer - 'vessels' present in a plant helps to transport water and minerals to the different parts of the plant.
4.) Define the following terms:
a.) Symbiotic relationship : a relation in which two organisms live in close association and develop a relationship that is beneficial for both is called as symbiotic relationship.
Example:- Lichens, Rhizobium etc
b.) Nutrients : nutrients are substances present in food that are required for proper growth and development of our body.
Example:- Proteins, Fats etc
c.) Saprotrophic mode of nutrition : mode of nutrition in which some plants feed on dead and decaying matter is called as saprotrophic mode of nutrition.
Example:- Yeast, Agaricus (mushroom) etc
d.) Photosynthesis : the process by which green plants prepare their own food in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll with the help of carbon dioxide, water and minerals is called as photosynthesis.
5.) When some wheat dough was left in the open for a few days, it started emitting a foul smell. Sate, why ?
Answer: When some wheat dough was left in open for a few days, it started emitting a foul smell due to the formation of fungus and reproduction of yeast in the dough and this dough with fungi and yeast on it will become unfit for eating or for use.
E. Answer the following questions.
1. Why would life not be possible on the earth in the absence of photosynthesis ?
Answer: Life will not be possible on the earth in the absence of photosynthesis because -
a.) It provides food for all living organisms directly or indirectly.
b.) It provides oxygen for respiration.
2.) Give reasons for the following:
(a) Mushroom is a saprotroph.
Answer: This is because it feeds on dead and decaying animals and plants matter.
(b) Sun is the ultimate source of energy for all living organisms.
Answer: This is because energy of sun passes through all living organisms through food.
(c) The leaf of a plant ' dies out ' if its stomata are blocked.
Answer: This is because their will be no exchange of gases for respiration and photosynthesis.
(d) Leaf is known as the food factory of the plant.
Answer: This is because food is prepared in the leaves of plants.
(e) Lichen is a 'living partnership' between a fungus and an alga and this 'partnership' is beneficial to both.
Answer: This is because alga provides food to fungus and fungus provides water and shelter to alga.
3.) Why do some plants feed insects? How does a pitcher plant catch insects?
Answer: Some plants feed on insects for their nitrogen requirements. The pitcher plant, gets modified to form a pitcher with a lid. The lid is able to open and close the mouth of the pitcher. The pitcher is lined with downward-painting hairs. when an insect enters, it cannot climb back out against the hairs and ultimately falls to the bottom of the leaf, and gets digested by the juices present there.
4.) How do rhizobium bacteria and leguminous plants help each other in their survival?
Answer: Rhizobium is a bacterium that lives in the roots of leguminous plants. It converts nitrogen, from the atmosphere, into a usable form that can be utilised by the plants. The plants, in turn, provide food and shelter to the bacterium.
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Value Based Question :-
The teacher told her students the story of the film Dost. She told them that, in that film, the friendship, between a visually challenged boy and a lame boy, helps them both to face, and overcome, the very many challenges of their day-to-day life. She went on to compare their friendship with the 'symbiotic relationship' between two organisms.
1. Suggest any two 'values' that, according to you, must have been there in the two friends of the film Dost.
Answer: Two 'values' that have been there in the two friends are :-
a.) Helpful b.) Cooperation
2. In what way is the friendship, between the two boys, similar to the 'symbiotic relationship between two organisms?
Answer: The friendship between the two boys is similar to the symbiotic relationship between two organisms as in symbiotic relationship two organisms live in close association and develop a relationship which is beneficial for both in the same way their friendship was beneficial for both as they help each other to overcome day-to-day life challenges.
3. Give one example of a 'symbiotic relationship' between two organisms.
Answer: Lichen is one example of a 'symbiotic relationship' between a fungus and an alga.
Something To Do:-
1. Compose a few lines/poem on the 'utility of plants'.
'Utility of plants'
Past, present, future, time is infinity
But plants will never lose their utility.
We did whatever we could learn to burn fire with the wood.
Then finally trees gave us some food. Seedling, plant, tree, fruits and seeds.
Some space occupied by unwanted weeds.
But that's what we call vegetation.
God's most wonderful creation.
We wanted to cut the trees we were fool.
Trees bring rain and keep the environment cool.
The one who can live without trees isn't a human being.
Plants gave us life and everything.
2. Why is it important to increase the 'forest cover'?
Answer: It is important to increase the 'forest cover' because they -
• maintain the ecological balance in nature.
• are the habitat for the living organisms.
• improve moisture content of the atmosphere.
• are reservoirs of oxygen.
• help to maintain the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in nature.
• prevent soil erosion, harvest rainwater naturally and maintain soil fertility.
• provide us many useful products, such as wood, paper, fruits, spices, fuel, etc.
3. Keep a stale, moist piece of bread in a warm corner of the kitchen and observe it 3-4 days. Can you identify the organism growing on the piece of bread? Identify its mode of nutrition.
Answer: When a moist piece of bread is kept in warm kitchen corner, it turns blueish or greenish, mainly due to fungal growth on it. Many fungal spores are present in the air, when they get proper environment for growth, they settle down and fungal growth occurs. As seen in this case, mainly on rotten food materials fungi grows. As these organisms grow on decaying organic substances, their mode of nutrition is called Saprophytic mode of nutrition, and they are called as saprophytes.
4. Solve the crossword puzzle with the help of the clues given below.
ACROSS ➡️
1. A plant parasite
-) cuscuta
2. The process by which green plants prepare their food.
-) photosynthesis
3. The process of obtaining, and utilising, food.
-) nutrition
4. Green pigment present in the leaves of plants.
-) chlorophyll
DOWN ⬇️
1. Two different organisms that live together and thereby, benefit from each other.
-) symbiotic
2. Organism feeding on dead matter.
-) saprotrophic
3. An organism deriving food from another living organism.
-) parasite 4. Organism that cannot prepare its own food.
-) heterotroph
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